A morning that ends where it opened
Every board in chapter 04.01 was read the same way: how far the session travelled, and how much of that it kept. A doji is the case where the second number is almost nothing.
Open ₹30.00, close ₹30.03. Three paise on a ₹30 onion is a tenth of one percent — far inside what Granthara's rules engine will still call the same price. The body is a line rather than a block.
That is the entire definition. Not a small body: a body so small that the opening and closing bids are, for practical purposes, the same bid. Everything else on the board is shadow — the prices that were reached and then given back.
One idea, four boards
Every board below opens at ₹30.00 and closes at ₹30.03. Only the shadows differ — and the shadows are what earn the names.
Granthara's rules engine reads the first two as a doji, the third as a dragonfly and the fourth as a gravestone — on shadow position alone, with no reference to what came before.
What actually separates the four
Two questions do all the work, and neither of them is about the body.
Which side was visited? Both, and you have a standard or long-legged doji. Only below, and the body sits at the top — a dragonfly. Only above, and the body sits at the bottom — a gravestone.
How far? This is the difference between a standard doji and a long-legged one, and it is a comparison, not a measurement. ₹7.20 of travel is enormous beside a week of thirty-paise sessions and unremarkable beside a week of ₹8 sessions. There is no rupee figure that makes a leg long; there is only the board next to it.
A doji records a question the session failed to answer. It is not an answer about the next one.
The ideal form and the one you will actually see
Textbook drawings show a dragonfly with no upper shadow at all and a gravestone with no lower shadow at all. Real boards rarely oblige. The dragonfly above carries nine paise of upper shadow, and the gravestone three paise below.
Granthara's rules engine allows that, because a rule that admits nothing admits nothing useful. What it will not do is let a near-form borrow a meaning. A dragonfly is not automatically bullish and a gravestone is not automatically bearish — those words describe what people hope the next session does, and this board has no next session on it.
The honest reading of a dragonfly is the one in the panel above: prices were reached downward and given back, in this session, by this market. Whether that matters depends entirely on where the session sits, which is chapter 04.05.
What a doji permits
It permits you to say that neither side finished the day holding ground. It permits you to say which direction was tested, and roughly how hard.
It does not permit you to say who was buying, how many of them there were, or what they intend tomorrow. Every trade inside that range had a buyer and a seller in equal measure, and the board kept none of their names.
And it does not permit a direction. The same four numbers that end a long fall also appear in the middle of a quiet fortnight where they mean nothing at all. The shape is the observation. The location is the argument — and the location is not on this page.