Why a gap gets its own family of names
Every other relationship in Part 04 compares prices inside sessions. A gap is different: it is a band of prices at which nothing traded at all, because the market was closed while opinion moved.
That makes it the one feature on a chart with an unambiguous definition — either the second session's range touches the first's or it does not — and the catalogue has made the most of it. The three names below are distinguished entirely by what the sessions after the gap do about it.
| Name | Also called | Sessions | What happens to the gap |
|---|---|---|---|
| Kicker | Kicking | 2 | Left wide open. The bodies do not overlap at all |
| Meeting lines | Counterattack | 2 | Closed exactly — the second session ends at the first session’s close |
| Breakaway | — | 5 | Entered and left open — the fifth session recovers into it but not through it |
Kicker — the gap nobody goes back for
Two sessions pointing opposite ways with a gap between their opens, and no overlap between the bodies at all. The board falls to ₹30.00, and the next morning opens at ₹31.40 — above where the falling session started — and runs to ₹32.70.
04.03.04 taught it beside engulfing, and the distinction is worth keeping: an engulfing session opens beyond the previous close and swallows the body. A kicker opens beyond the previous open, so there is nothing to swallow. Nobody traded in between.
Kicking is the same pattern. Some writers use the verb, some the noun, and there is no difference in the geometry.
Counterattack — the gap closed to the paisa
A long falling session closing at ₹30.50. The next morning opens far below at ₹29.60 — a real gap — and then spends the day climbing back to close at exactly ₹30.50.
The grader calls it meeting lines, because the two closes meet. Most books call it a counterattack. Same two boards.
What it records is narrow and real: the gap existed and was given back in full within one session. What it does not record is why, and 04.06.02 is a reminder that a large order finding the only supply in the market explains a shape like this without anybody needing a motive.
Five sessions, and a gap that stays open
The second board gaps below the first body. The fifth climbs back into the hole and stops inside it.
₹30.25 sits above the second board's body and below the first board's, which is the whole condition. A fifth session closing above ₹30.50 would be a different event with a different name.
Breakaway — the gap entered but not closed
Five sessions. A long fall, a second that gaps below it, two more drifting lower, and then a long rising session that recovers into the gap and stops there.
The condition doing the work is the last one: the fifth close must land above the second board's body and below the first board's. Close higher than that and the gap is filled and the name does not apply. The pattern is defined by an incomplete recovery, which is an unusual thing for a catalogue to insist on and the reason it is rare.
It is also the clearest case in the chapter of a name that is mostly a coincidence of five conditions holding at once. 04.05.04's noise test is the relevant check: run enough sessions and arrangements this specific will occur without anything causing them.
A gap records the hours nobody was trading. Everything the catalogue says about it is a statement about what happened afterwards.